Catholic Room

In another sense, the Church is a mystical communion or fellowship of people with shared beliefs. In this model, the institution takes a secondary role, being formed to provide shape and support to this body of people. According to a third model, the Church is a sacrament, an instrument bridging the gap between earthly and divine, a conduit for divine grace to humanity. In a fourth model, the Church is a herald, charged with proclaiming the Christian message to the world, and reinforcing it among believers. In a fifth model, the Church is a servant, responsible for encouraging good works and helping those in need. Dulles says that many more models can be discussed, but he sees these as the most basic ones.

Dulles does not claim to write for the lay (in the sense of non-academic, rather than non-clergy) reader, but this book actually is in clear, concise, non-technical prose that nearly anyone should grasp. While Dulles himself is a Roman Catholic, he gives the perspectives of Protestant and Orthodox Christians a full and fair hearing; this book definitely is not a defense of an "official" Roman Catholic viewpoint. In fact, he points out how Rome's "official" views became increasingly more nuanced, even in the years befor Vatican II.

Avery Dulles, by the way, is the son of former Secretary of State (under Eisenhower) John Foster Dulles, was raised a Presbyterian, became an agnostic by his teens, turned into a religious "seeker" while an undergrad at Harvard, then entered the Roman Catholic Church and later the Jesuit order after graduating. This personal journey clearly lends some perspective to his work. Dulles recently was named a cardinal, in recognition of his work as a theologian. This is a most unusual honor for someone who is neither a bishop nor a key leader in church government.